I-Hot-Rolled Coil YaseChina Ibonisa Ukuqina Phakathi Kwezingxabano Zohwebo
Naphezu kokukhuphuka kokuvikelwa kwezohwebo emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinyathelo eziqinile zokulwa nokulahla ezimakethe ezinkulu, eChina Ikhoyili Eligoqiwe Elishisayo ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kusakhombise ukuqina okuqinile ngamasu aguquguqukayo. Imininingwane yakamuva ikhombisa ukuthi ivolumu yasekhaya yokuthunyelwa kwamakhoyili ashisayo ngoZibandlela ifinyelele amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.157, inyuke ngenyanga nge-8.4%, futhi inkambiso yezigayo zensimbi ezigijima ngesivinini ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemigomo ehlosiwe yokuthumela ngaphandle konyaka ekupheleni konyaka iyamangalisa.
Imvelo yokuthekelisa yamakhoyili aseShayina ashisayo ibilokhu iqina ngo-2025. Izimakethe zendabuko ezifana ne-Vietnam kanye ne-South Korea ziye zethula ngokulandelana izindlela zokunqanda ukulahlwa: I-Vietnam yabeka imisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla engu-23.10% kuya ku-27.83% kumakhoyili ashisayo futhi yethula uphenyo oluphikisana nokugwetshwa kwe-2% yase-South Korea, kanti i-9% yophenyo lwe-anti-circumvention ukuya ku-34.10% kumapuleti asindayo agingqiwe ashisayo. Ethintwe yilokhu, ukuthengiswa kweChina okuhlanganisiwe kwamakhoyili ashisayo kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba kwehle ngo-17.7% unyaka nonyaka.
Ebhekene nezithiyo zokuhweba, amabhizinisi asekhaya aphendule ngenkuthalo: imodeli ye-Southeast Asian transshipment iqhubekile nokushisa. Nakuba ukuhanjiswa ngamahabhu afana ne-Port Klang e-Malaysia nase-Singapore kudinga izindleko ezengeziwe zamadola ase-US angama-70 kuya kwangu-90 ngethani ngalinye, kusenezinzuzo zezomnotho uma kuqhathaniswa nemisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla, ukusiza amabhizinisi agcine amakhasimende abalulekile.
Nakuba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yesikhathi esifushane kwehlisa ingcindezi, amabhizinisi asheshisa ukwakheka kwezimakethe zesikhathi eside. Izimakethe ezisafufusa ezifana ne-Middle East, i-Afrika kanye neNingizimu Melika seziphenduke izinjini ezintsha zokukhula. Isidingo sengqalasizinda emazweni aseMpumalanga Ephakathi njengeSaudi Arabia sinamandla, ukwethulwa kwemiklamo emikhulu yengqalasizinda emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika kuye kwabangela ukwanda okukhulu kokuthengwa kwensimbi kwamanye amazwe, futhi isidingo eNingizimu Melika siye sakhula kancane kancane. Mayelana nokusatshalaliswa kwesifunda, umthamo wohlelo lokuthekelisa lokuthekelisa lwezimboni zensimbi zaseNyakatho-mpumalanga usalokhu uphezulu kule nyanga, kuyilapho owaseMpumalanga ye-China, eNyakatho neShayina kanye naseNingizimu yeShayina ahlala ezinzile.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo somkhiqizo futhi kuyisihluthulelo sokuqeda lesi simo: amabhizinisi andise ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-R&D kanye nokuthekelisa kwensimbi ekhethekile yezinga eliphezulu, ngesikhathi esifanayo athumela ngaphandle imikhiqizo ecishe iqedwe njengamabhilidi ensimbi ukuze kugwenywe izintela. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba 2025, ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi yensimbi yaseChina kukhuphuke ngo-214% unyaka nonyaka, kanti okunye kwathunyelwa ngemuva kokucubungula eSoutheast Asia, kwakha iketango elisha lohwebo.
Abangaphakathi embonini bahlaziya ukuthi ukuqina kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhoyili agingqiwe ashisayo kuvela ezintweni ezintathu ezinkulu ezisekelayo: okokuqala, ukuzimisela okuthuthukisiwe kokuthekelisa ngaphandle ngaphansi kokuhlinzekwa kwasekhaya kanye nokulungiswa kwezidingo, kanye nokuncipha kwesidingo sezindlu ezithengiswayo kwenze ukuthi izigayo zensimbi ziphendukele emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe; okwesibili, inzuzo yezindleko ezibalulekile. Kusukela mhla zingama-27 kuMfumfu, intengo yokuthunyelwa kwekhoyili eshisayo yaseShayina (i-FOB) yayingamadola ayi-130 ithani ngalinye ngaphansi kwezintengo zokungenisa e-European Union kanye ne-United States ngokulandelana; okwesithathu, amabhizinisi anamasu okuphendula aguquguqukayo, futhi umphumela wokwakheka okuhlukahlukene uvele ekuqaleni.